Editing Forest pathogen outbreak severity (section)

== Monitoring and Measurement ==
Monitoring forest pathogen outbreak severity involves a combination of ground-based surveys, remote sensing technologies, and data integration methods. Institutions such as the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service conduct detection surveys to map and quantify insect and disease activity. Remote sensing approaches, including analysis of Landsat satellite time series data, enable annual mapping of insect-caused tree mortality across extensive regions. Additionally, interactive tools like the Alien Forest Pest Explorer provide spatial data on pest distributions and host inventories. These methods collectively support comprehensive assessment of outbreak severity by capturing temporal and spatial variability in pathogen impacts.

Within the SIGNAL system, this phenomenon is treated as a defined environmental signal whose boundaries and measurement conventions are described below.