Editing Coastal erosion extent (section)

== Monitoring and Measurement ==
Scientists monitor coastal erosion extent using a combination of remote sensing technologies, field surveys, and historical shoreline data. Methods include aerial and satellite imagery analysis, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) surveys, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, and photogrammetry. Institutions such as the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center at [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey USGS], the Urban Coast Institute at Monmouth University, and the Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences at the University of South Carolina contribute to data collection and research. Monitoring efforts often integrate temporal datasets to quantify shoreline changes and erosion rates over time. Coastal monitoring programs also utilize wave and storm surge measurements to correlate physical forcing with observed erosion.

Within the SIGNAL system, this phenomenon is treated as a defined environmental signal whose boundaries and measurement conventions are described below.