Editing Coal extraction rate — Extraction (section)

== Monitoring and Measurement ==
The coal extraction rate is primarily monitored through mining production statistics compiled by governmental agencies, industry operators, and international organizations. These statistics are typically reported annually and include quantities of coal extracted measured in tonnes per year. Data collection involves operator self-reporting, regulatory filings, and remote sensing in some regions. Institutions such as the United States Energy Information Administration (EIA), the International Energy Agency (IEA), and the Energy Institute provide comprehensive datasets on coal production. These measurements enable consistent tracking of extraction volumes and support assessments of environmental and economic trends.

Within the SIGNAL system, this phenomenon is treated as a defined environmental signal whose boundaries and measurement conventions are described below.